Biology Regents Practice Exam

What method would yield the most accurate data on the impact of human development on an ecosystem?

1. Neighborhood reports on birds before and after construction

2. Identifying deer before and after construction

3. Planting more trees near construction sites

4. Recording population sizes of species before and after development

The correct answer is: Recording population sizes of species before and after development

The most accurate method to assess the impact of human development on an ecosystem is to record population sizes of species before and after development. This approach provides direct, quantifiable data that can illustrate how the introduction of construction or other urban developments affects the local wildlife and plant populations. By comparing the population sizes over time, researchers can identify trends, such as declines or increases in certain species, which can be attributed to the changes in their habitat due to development. This method is comprehensive as it allows for the assessment of various species, capturing a broader picture of ecological changes. It provides a solid foundation for determining not just if an ecosystem is affected, but also the degree and nature of that impact, which can inform conservation efforts or policy decisions. In contrast, other methods such as neighborhood reports on birds or identifying deer may be less reliable due to their subjective nature or limited scope. Planting more trees does not measure impact and may not necessarily mitigate any negative effects caused by development. Therefore, monitoring population sizes of all species involved before and after development best captures the ecological consequences of human activity.